Paper-calendering roll



B. F. PERKINS. .l PAPER GALENDERING. ROLL.

Patent-ed Deo.-28','1886..-

ff l Q f ,f f5! /Il UNrTnn STATES PATENT y nicos,

BENJAMN F. PERKINS, OF HOLYOKE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PAPER-CALENDERING ROLL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,026, dated December 28, 1886.

Application filed July 26, ISES. Serial No. 209,095. (No model.)

To 'all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that l, BENJAMIN F. PERKINs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Holyoke, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented .new and useful Improvements in Paper-Galendering Rolls, of

' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to paper-rolls for calenderingmachines, theobj ect being to providea roll for such purposes wherein the papercylinder, the shaft,`and the roll-heads are so united that under no conditions of use can said cylinder, or any part thereof, be displaced on the shaft by being rotated on the latter more or less under uncommon strain, and to improve the manner or process of arranging and preparing the sheets of paper which constitute said cylinder of the roll, whereby the wearing-surface of the latter is caused to be of uniform hardness, and the durability and usefulness of the. roll are greatly enhanced.,

In 4the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure lis a perspective view of one end of a papcr-calendering roll constructed according to my invention. Fig; 2 is a longitudinal section of one end of the roll. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the roll before it is turned, on the plane of one of the sheets of paper composing the cylinder of the roll. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one end of the roll-shaft and its spline-rod. Fig. 5 is a plan and a transverse section of one of the heads of the roll. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the split head-locking ring. the manner of arranging t-he roll-sheets preparatory to placing them on the shaft and for cutting vt-he spline-rod notches in them, as hereinafter set forth. Fig. 8 is a` transverse section, about full size, of the cutter employed in cutting said notches.' ln Fig. l the end of the roll is shown ,without the below-described locking-ring, which occupies a position outside of the head thereof, said ring being omitted from that gure to more clearlyillus trate the position of the parts behind the same.

In the drawings, 2, Fig. 4, illustrates one end of the shaft of the calender-roll, the opposite end being made identically as there shown, the portion of said shaft 3 between an annular groove, 4, near each end of the latter,

Fig. 7 illustrates l upon which the sheets of paper are placed which constitute the calenderingcylinder 6 of said roll, having a longitudinal groove, 5, therein, which extends from one of said grooves 4 to the other. At each extreme end of said shaft is formed the journal 7. spline-rod, S, is fitted into said groove 5 in shaft 2, and occupies the position therein shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3-that is to say, about one-half of its thickness projecting above the `surface of the shaft. A thick metallic head, 9, is fitted to be placed on each end of the central portion, 3, ofthe shaft 2, having a recess, 10, in one side of the opening therethrough, corresponding inform to oneside or edge of said spline-rod, whereby the head as well as the body 6 of the roll is engaged with said rod 8, thereby lockingsaid head and shaft rigidly, one to the other, soi that they must rotate together. Asplit'lockingring, 12, (see Fig. 6,) of such width as permits the parts thereof to be placed in said groove 4 at each end of the shaft, and considerably thicker than the depth of said groove, is placed in the latter after the head 9 is forced toits place, thereby locking the' latter iinniovably against the end of theportion 6 of the roll, as shown in Fig. 2.

Heretofore it has been the practice, in making rolls of theclass-herein shown and described, to employ a shaft having no groove and spline-rod therefor, as above described, and

to place the roll-sheets on the shaft for forming the paper cylinder ofthe roll irrespective of the relative position of each sheet to the other; but great inconveniences ensue from such practice, owing to the fact that under IOC in its most exposed parts that the roll is useless.

The aforesaid observation concerning the .heretofore-prevailing practice of placing the sheets of paper on the roll irrespective of their relative positions is defined to mean that many pieces'pf paper, of circular forni usually, of suitable diameter, but greater than that of the finished roll, to allow for turning and nishing, were cut from a pile of many large sheets or Webs of paper and placed directly on the shaft of the roll, no regard being had to the question of the grain l(so to speak) of the said disks of paper.

It is awell-known fact that a web of paper in the form in which it comes from the machine may be torn in the directioii ofits length more easily and more nearly in a straight linethanl transversely of the web, which difference of strength in the paper is owing to the action of the machine on the pulp as the latter is converted into paper, and the above term grain 7 is applied to the said longitudinal direction of the web on each piece which goes to make said roll.

I find that by cutting the sheets 13 of paper, from the web or from large sheets, of octagon or similar form, as shown, so that they can he conveniently arranged by turning each one slightly upon the other, as shownin said Fig. 3, (said Octagon forni assistngin determining the position of each sheet on the other,`) when arranged in piles to place on the shalt, said grain in all the sheets becomes so thoroughly crossed that when a roll so built up and nished is put into use its surface wears With uniformity,iand theabove-nameddefectarising from the practice of otherwise placing sheets to make the roll is entirely obviated:

A cuttenblock, 14, having a central perforation is provided, and on the sameis placed a, movable post, 17, tubular or otherwise, on which a number of said sheets, 13, ofpaper are placed, and then each sheet is turned or fanned,7 making a pile substantially as represented in Fig. 7, and after the said sheets havevbeen so arranged the cut 15 therein, to adapt each sheet'to engage with the splinerod when placed on theshaft 2,is made by using a cuttingchisel, 16, (an enlarged transverse section of which is shown in Fig. 8,) whose -broad side is placed against said post, the

sharp end being driven against the paper to form the cut shown.

Theshaft 2, having the head 9 on its lower end supported by the split ring 12, as aforesaid, is then held in a vertical position, and enough of said prepared sheets to form thepaper cylinder 6 of the calender-roll are placed thereon, the second head is laid against the pile of sheets in proper position to engage with the end of the rod 8 when forced to place, and the force of a hydraulic press is applied against the last-named head, driving it down against and solidly compressing the paper sheets, and the said split ring is applied as aforesaid to lock the last-named head on the shaft, and finally the outer surface of the said paper sheets is turned and finished inthe usual Way, thereby producing said .cylinder t5.

vWhat I claim as my`invention is- 1.` A paper-calendering roll consisting of a shaft having an annular groove therein near each end and a longitudinal grooveextending between said annular grooves, a spline-rod fitted in the latter and projecting above the surface of said roll, a paper cylinder consisting of separate sheets of paper, each having a central perforation, lying side by side on said shaft, and each having a cut in the edge of said perforation conforming to the saidv projeeting portion of said rod, a head fitting each end of said shaft and spline-rod, and a split ring fitting each of said annular grooves outside of said heads, substantially as set forth.

2. A paper-calendering roll consisting of a shaft having an annular groove therein near each end and a longitudinal groove extending between said annular grooves, aspline-rod fitted in the latter and projecting above the surface of said roll, a paper cylinder consisting of separate sheets of paper, each havinga central perforation, ylying side by side on said shaft, the grain of each of said sheets crossing that of'the adjoining ones, and each having a cut in the edge of said perforation conforming to the said projecting portion of said rod, ahead fitting each end of said shaft and spline-rod, and a split ring fitting each of said annular grooves outside of said heads, substantially as set forth.

3. A paper-calendering roll consisting of'a `shaft having alongitudinal groove therein between its journals, a splinerod fitted in said groove and projecting above the surface of said roll, a paper cylinder consisting of separate sheets of paper, each having a central perforation, lying side by sideon said shaft, and each having a cut in the edge of said perforation conforming to the projecting part of said rod, and a suitable head, substantially as described, secured on said shaft against each end of said cylinder, substantially as set forth.

BENJAMIN F. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

G. M. CHAMBERLAIN, WM. H. AGHAPIN.

IIO 

